If «Gazprom» some time will suck dry all supplies of gas from the deposits of Western Siberia, Shtokmanovskoe will master deposit in Barencevom sea or even will pump out all natural gas from all deposits of the world not opened so far, it will not mean an end
gas booty. We still will have gas – if he yet needs will be to the world, Newspaper writes.Ru. gas in this case able to obtain from gazogidratov – very unusual connections of methane and water, «combustible ice», appearing on the day of Maureies and in eternal frigidity at high temperatures
and pressures. Gazogidraty is examined as a possible alternative source
only in the second half XX of age, but the general supplies of methane in them are estimated by sizes, substantially exceedings the supplies of natural gas known now.Are there, however, a few problems. For example, while nobody knows how to obtain methane from gazogidratov in industrial
scales. Complications consist in that at the increase of temperature ice begins to melt, and gas – to dissolve in water.Well and the most important – however much a global rise in temperature got to methane in this combustible ice before geological prospectors.On some apocalyptic
properties to the calculations, a rise in temperature can destabilize pripoverkhnostnye gazogidraty, freeing being in them gas without direct participation of human technologies. And then all, write disappeared: methane is substantially more powerful hotbed gas, than CO2, and freeing
even 1/10 his supplies in gazogidratakh tantamount to the 10-kratnomu increase of maintenance of carbon dioxide in an atmosphere. For comparison – all efforts of humanity for a few last ages promoted a level CO2 only on a fourth, and that not all are sure that it is exceptional
cheloveche
drias. To the rise in temperature, to putting an end young driasu, megascopic maintenance of methane corresponds in the tiny bubbles of air, kept in ices until they did not get in the hands of scientists as ice stipplers.Where did that methane undertake from? Whether there is he by a certificate
that destabilization of gazogidratov is business fully possible? to understand with this question, scientists from the USA, Australia, NZ and Denmark under the direction of Vasiliy Petrenko from Californian Institute of oceanography of Skrippsa left westward to Greenland.Here,
on the border of ancient glacier which the rocky district of Pakitsok sticks out from under, scientists sawed to itself 15 ice blocks on a ton weighing each. In them, as well as in the ice stipplers mentioned above, the bubbles of air which Greenland breathed 11,6 thousand years back were saved.
Although concentration of methane at that time and was enhanceable, in business from every ton of ice it was succeeded to get for an analysis only 20 micrograms of methane (in a count on a carbon) of .petrenko and his colleagues, however, the not concentration of methane interested even in mid air, but more thin
an effect is isotopic composition of carbon which is included in his composition. With his help they made an effort define age of methane – exactly by the same radiouglerodnym method, as measure age of ancient documents. It is on age possible to make attempt define a source
methane – gazogidraty or something more prosaic.Scientists decided as follows: if methane went out from gazogidratov, then in them – in eternal frigidity or on the day of Maureies – he was already long time, ten and hundreds of thousands, and possibly, and millions of years. All the time
methane was protected from ultrarayss, and, almost all kernels of nestabil’nogo ugleroda-14 must were disappear: his period of half-decay is only 5,6 thousand years. If methane was young – for example, appeared by bacteria, helping to process organic
remains, that go down on the bottom of bogs, then there will be a fully noticeable amount of heavy isotope in his composition.Simpler speaking, a dilemma was simple: if ugleroda-14 in methane very little is the anxious sign of destruction of gazogidratov, if much – it young
methane, and there is nothing to be afraid.The results of measurings rotined that ugleroda-14 in ancient methane much. Actually him appeared even too much. Scientists, however, considered quickly, that deal with new uglerodom-14, appearing already in the layer of ice. Deposit of this source
Petrenko and his colleagues estimated on the amount of heavy isotope of carbon in molecules obviously ancient carbon monoxide, also being in the studied bubbles of air.After deduction of this deposit out of the measured values scientists made a conclusion: at the end of young
driasa upon gas hydrates a rise in temperature did not encroach, «superfluous» methane went out from under the water smooth surface of bogs the area of which then was considerably increased. The results of analysis are published in the last number Science.tak that occasions to be afraid of to catastrophic destabilization
gazogidratov at a proceeding in our days rise in temperature became hardly less than. Well and «Gazprom» can not fear that a rise in temperature will prang the source of his future riches.
