The January gas crisis made off already a long ago, but Poland until now does not get that part of gas, which a company must was supply with «Rosukrenergo». Now these deliveries must undertake «Gazprom». But that wants to take advantage of situation, putting to death two hare: to tie Poland to itself by long-term contracts and simultaneously to reduce to the zero the Polish plans on diversification of sources of energopostavok, writes "Mirror of week".kreml’ uses the advantage
above Warsaw: there is not sense to hurry with signing of contract him, but such contract very needs Poland, to taking failing gas from depositories. To the end of 2009 RUE must was put 2,3 milliards of cubic gas meters in obedience to a contract, that makes 18% from his general consumption
in Poland. Negotiations of the Polish neftegazovoy company PGNiG with Russian «Gazpromom» were ineffectual, and now them will conduct at intergovernmental level. Agreeing of the Polish operator with RUE must was operate to 2010 year with a possible extension
to 2012-go. And exactly on this short space Poland wanted to sign a contract with «Gazpromom». But the Russian partner insists on other: in place of short-term contract is a change of intergovernmental agreement from 1993. This agreement foresaw building
to Polish part of gas pipeline of Yamal—evropa and regulated supplying to greater part of gas to Poland to 2022 years. Russians want, that payment for transit of gas was withdrawn from the Polish legislation, on what «Gazprom» would earn a few honeycombs of millions of dollars
annually. The second suggestion of Russians, on which already Polish delegation consented preliminary, touches the following: to specify not seizing 2,3 milliards of cubic meters in a yamal’skom contract.Signing of contract would mean on the Russian terms, that Poland can
to forget about diversifikacionnykh projects, such as gazoport and gas pipeline «Skanled» to Denmark. In fact in this case Poland to 2022 years must was buy at Russia 10 milliards cube
2014 years, because exactly then must will be put alternative (nerossiyskie) routes into an operation. If Poland however will accede to Russian suggestions (and Polish delegation is ready it to do), then gas it will be nowhere to put, and diversifikacionnye
projects will appear nerentabel’nymi or, at least, nevostrebovannymi. that building of gas terminal in marine port of Svinouys’ce, not far from Schecina, — it already not abstract, but the very real project. For building a company is responsible «Polish
LNG» it is the associated company of state company «Gaz-sistema», related to the company PGNiG. A terminal must put into an operation in 2014, and planning of object will be completed already in May 2009-go. His carrying capacity will make 2,5 milliards of cubic meters in a year.Poland
found even gas suppliers for a new terminal. In accordance with prisoners recently by scope agreements, the half of raw material Qatar must supply with. National gas company of this country Qatargas will supply to Poland the million tons of the condensated gas
(that approximately corresponds 1,4 milliards of cubic gas meters) annually during 20 years, since 2014. Not eliminated, that Qatar will provide also power independence nearby with Poland and Ukraine of Byelorussia which the last years will realize all more active
policy of decline of dependence on Russia. Second diversifikacionnyy project, realized by a company «Gaz-sistema», it is a gas pipeline «Baltik Payp» (other name — «Skanled») on the bottom of the Baltic sea. He must connect the Danish islands with Polish inhabited
by the point of Reval’-nekhozhe on Western Pomor’e, not far from Schecina. But in order that Norwegian gas got on this way to Poland, it is yet needed to build a pipe which will connect Norway with Denmark. As this project becomes more unreal for diverse reasons,
his realization in the nearest years is less possible, what gas terminal. By the way, many experts criticize simultaneous realization of two indicated projects, as they will make a competition to each other in a manner.Except for it, Poland want
also to build the row of local gas pipelines between Polish and German gas networks. It would help to organize reversnye deliveries of gas in the case of stopping of supplying with Russian gas. Building of new underground must adding become to all these projects
gas depositories, as a present infrastructure provides storage only 10% from the volume of annual consumption in a country. In accordance with governmental plans, to 2015 volume kept in PKHG of gas must grow from present 1,6 milliards of cubic meters to 3,8
milliard It will treat to Poland in 3,7 milliards of zloty, that over milliard of dollars. For the complete providing of power safety Poland must will be yet extend the infrastructure of gas depositories and radically to modernize the existent system of gas pipelines,
in fact near 30% from them does not answer modern standards.But if Poland will accede to Russian suggestions in relation to a new long-term contract, then about two largest projects it is possible it will be to forget on diversification of supplying with energoresursov. Gas
from tankers and from Norway it will be considerably dearer, than and so «traditional» Russian. But if the that amount of gas, which Poland uses for own necessities, will act easterly, to find buyers for superfluous, more dear gas from North
it will be simply impossible. On what, perhaps, and Russians for which the Polish diversifikacionnye projects as a bone is in a throat expect.Poland today is the the least installed gas country of Central europe, and many settlements do not know in general, what
pipeline gas-supplying. On the estimations of specialists, the consumption of gas would grow and on 4 milliards of cubic meters in a year, if this gas could successfully compete with propanom-butanom and fuel oil. For this purpose it is needed to develop the system of gas pipelines. Exactly it today
and takes place, but, taking into account the enormous scales of such project, this process will occupy a few ten of years.The prospect of increase in the supply of gas came into the notice of world enterprises of gazoenergeticheskoy industry, declaring about a willingness to build new power-stations.
Power-stations, workings on gas, now in Poland very little, as Polish energy on more than 90% depends on coal — unique power raw material which in Paul
coal inflict enormous harm to the natural environment, especially in Silezii and round power-station «Belkhatuv» in Central Poland, where it is possible «to admire» lunar landscape. But until now all attempts to replace coal energy more safe for circumferential
environments appeared sources ineffectual. In fact it caused mass protests of miners and their trade unions from Silezii, the capitals completed by blocking and by incineration of tires before buildings of parliament and government.The taught by this experience of policy decided to move
in the direction of development of so urgent net coal technologies, including gasification of coal, labouring for creation to one Katovice of eesovskikh of technological knots. So it seemed till recently, that Polish energy would develop rather
in the direction of introduction of technologies «net coal», which will complement renewable energy (foremost the use of biomassy, energies of wind and geothermal energy), and in a prospect is an atomic electroenergy. In this context a return of fashion is on gas
it is something unexpected, as yet a few years back such suggestions at once caused the wave of laying to lobbying of interests «Gazproma» and to treason of national interests in behalf on Moscow.In the light of new requirements of Brussels, however much you consider, but to use
gas for the production of electric power will be needed. Motion in the direction of introduction of technologies «net coal» it will not be such rapid, as introduction each time of more hard ecological requirements of ES, in particular about the maintainance of climate. Renewable
energy with large difficulties, possibly, and will attain a few ten of percents in general power balance of country, and a nuclear power plant (which it is planned to build near Gdynia) will begin to work not early than 2030. In general, remains relatively ecologically
net gas which and so will enter Poland from North.
